Filling in the Blanks
How the United States used the Artemis Accords to build legitimacy before consensus, turn its interpretation into practice, and shape the rules for the Moon.
Staff Research Analyst, Takshashila Institution
Tracing the fault lines of space, technology, and strategic competition.
How the United States used the Artemis Accords to build legitimacy before consensus, turn its interpretation into practice, and shape the rules for the Moon.
How megaconstellations become instruments of national power, and why access to a foreign network is different from having one of your own.
How states build launch capacity, why India still depends on foreign rockets, and what assured access to orbit demands.
Ashwin Prasad Rao is a Staff Research Analyst with the Advanced Military Technology and Outer Space Programme at the Takshashila Institution. His work centres on high technology, trade, and strategic competition.
Across op-eds, research papers, podcasts, and interviews, he has written on domestic space policy, the Indian space industry, lunar governance, megaconstellations and satellite internet, and the wider strategic affairs of frontier technology.
He holds a degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering with a minor in Business Management, and a Graduate Certificate in Public Policy from the Takshashila Institution.
51 pieces across 18 venues
Takshashila Institution · April 2026
Takshashila Institution · January 2026
Takshashila Institution · December 2025
Takshashila Institution · June 2025
Whoever controls near-Earth space controls Terra — a strategic framework for understanding the geopolitical significance of outer space. Published in the Decypher Journal, June 2025.
Takshashila Institution · September 2024
Takshashila Institution · August 2024
Takshashila Institution · June 2024
The Hindu · April 2026
Instead of forming large groups around vague shared values, India should build smaller, focused partnerships with a few countries in specific sectors
India's World · April 2026
India possesses a strategic capability that it cannot rely on consistently, while its adversaries have access to a more reliable navigation system. However,…
Deccan Herald · April 2026 · Read on Substack
Artemis Mission: Explore NASA’s Artemis II journey to the Moon and the strategic lunar race with China for economic and technological dominance.
Substack · February 2026
Moving past the headline numbers to address the absorption capacity problem that defines India's space programme.
Substack · January 2026
The case for sectoral plurilateralism.
The Hindu · August 2025
Satellite internet revolutionizes connectivity, offering global coverage and transformative applications, but also poses security and regulatory challenges.
India's World · August 2025
Recent U.S. actions—from placing an embargo on the advanced chips that power AI to threatening tariffs on India-made iPhones—are sending a clear signal to N…
The Hindu · June 2025
The U.S.’s announcement of the rescission of its Framework for AI Diffusion has been viewed as a good thing but controls on AI are likely to persist
The Indian Express · June 2025 · Read on Substack
The excitement and chatter around the mission will help build popular support for space exploration in India
Deccan Herald · March 2025
For India, a new frontier in satellite internet
ThePrint · March 2025
Government as an anchor customer provides a stable source of demand for space-based services, reducing uncertainties in the market. It can boost investor confidence in the Indian space sector, attracting investments from home and abroad.
The Hindu · February 2025
The Framework for AI Diffusion evaluates India solely by its technological capabilities in AI, while ignoring the strategic value of the India-U.S. partnership
Takshashila Institution · January 2025
Outlook Business · January 2025
India is at a disadvantage without its own satellite internet infrastructure. But a favourable ecosystem would have far-reaching benefits—reliable access in remote areas, economic opportunities and improved operational capabilities for the military
The Hindu · December 2024
India must foster a strong ecosystem for the growth of a specialised industrial base that can cater to India’s needs and ambitions in outer space
News18 · November 2024
Embrace risk, support long-term thinking, and create ecosystems that turn ambitious dreams into reality
Deccan Herald · November 2024
As space activities grow beyond the traditional state-led programmes, policy is beginning to catch up.
Takshashila Institution · October 2024
Mint · June 2024 · Read on Substack
Technical knowledge transfer from Isro to the private sector will spread space expertise. Competition will play a key role and new skills could strengthen India’s supply of launch vehicles to meet growing global demand for launch services.
Firstpost · June 2024
Chennai-based space startup Agnikul has successfully carried out its maiden suborbital flight test
Deccan Herald · May 2024
The path to a burgeoning private space sector in India starts with the right regulatory environment.
Takshashila Institution · May 2024
The Diplomat · April 2024
Firstpost · March 2024
The government can sign long-term purchase agreements with the Indian industry. This will create a consistent and assured demand for space-based services in the Indian market
Substack · November 2023
Substack · November 2023
Substack · November 2023
Substack · October 2023
ETEntrepreneur · September 2026
Quoted on ISRO’s changing role, the transfer of mature technologies to industry, and the domestic demand needed to help India’s private space sector scale.
ETEntrepreneur · September 2026
Quoted on ISRO’s changing role, the need for a comprehensive space law, and why predictable government demand matters for India’s private space industry.
The Indian Express · September 2026
Quoted on satellite orbits, how spacecraft reach geostationary orbit, and the trade-offs between persistent coverage, image resolution, and fuel requirements.
The Ken · August 2026
The Indian Express · July 2026
On the LEO land grab: orbital slots run first-come-first-served, and megaconstellations are as much about claiming orbital real estate as they are about connectivity — India remains 'a milestone space power that is lacking in scale.'
StratNews Global · June 2026
Reliance Jio lacks the technological foundations to compete with Starlink on any meaningful level, given limited domestic satellite-manufacturing capacity and India's low launch cadence.
StratNews Global · June 2026
Pakistan's new Synthetic Aperture Radar satellites can see through clouds and darkness without needing sunlight to observe assets, expanding its surveillance reach over India.
ThePrint · June 2026
A ground report on Pakistan's six new Earth-observation satellites launched since January 2025 — most built or launched with Chinese help — mapping Indian territory, particularly Kashmir, every two days or less.
SWP Berlin · June 2026
A research paper by Dr Tobias Scholz examining how India balances space-sector economic ambitions, security priorities vis-à-vis China, regional influence, and global status-seeking.
Rising Kashmir · June 2026
Draws on Takshashila's April 2026 analysis of Starlink's operational risks to argue that orbital data centres could sit beyond the reach of India's data-sovereignty framework.
India Today · April 2026
Documents reviewed by the Financial Times indicated that the satellite acquired by Iran was developed and launched by Earth Eye Co, a Chinese company that provides “in-orbit delivery” services, where satellites are transferred to international clients after being placed in orbit.
ThePrint · March 2026
Last week, ISRO confirmed that the atomic clock on board the Indian Regional Navigational Satellite System-1F—the first generation of the NavIC satellites—had stopped functioning.
Firstpost · January 2026
As Iran’s theocratic regime faces its greatest challenge in five decades, it is confronting not only the fury of the people disillusioned by the Islamic Revolution’s unfulfilled promises but also Western technology. Rattled by Elon Musk’s Starlink, Iran’s regime now finds satellite internet emerging as a new weapon —and internet signals as the latest battlefield— that can be fired in the shadow war with the United States.
ThePrint · January 2026
ISRO’s recent failures and lower launch cadence have led to questions about its reliability as a launch partner for private players.
ThePrint · January 2025
While Digantara Aerospace launched the world’s first commercial satellite, Pixxel became the first private company in India to have satellites that allow observation of the Earth in over 150 bands.
Firstpost · August 2024
In the past decade, India has soared past Mars, landed on the Moon, and has begun scientific missions to study the Sun and unravel the many mysteries of space, but a lot remains to be done in terms of planning and policy
News9 · October 2026
A discussion on Starlink, India's national security, and the risks of relying on foreign-controlled satellite communications during conflict. Watch from 11:49.
CNN-News18 · October 2026
A discussion on Starlink’s delayed entry into India, satellite broadband regulation, and security concerns. Watch from 5:05.
ThePrint · July 2026
A video conversation with ThePrint on why Skyroot's Vikram-1 — India's first privately built orbital rocket — is a milestone for the country's private space sector.
YouTube · January 2026
While experts call for greater scrutiny into the PSLV after its second consecutive failure, space start-ups say they are preparing for their next venture, af…
My conversations on space, policy, and power on All Things Policy, the Takshashila Institution’s podcast.
All Things Policy (Takshashila) · September 2026
How satellite megaconstellations create launch demand, and what India’s constellation plans could mean for its domestic rocket industry.
All Things Policy (Takshashila) · September 2026
Why states support some launch companies through failure, and what that choice means for India’s private launch industry.
All Things Policy (Takshashila) · September 2026
How geography, launch sites, and access to overseas spaceports shape a country’s ability to reach orbit.
All Things Policy (Takshashila) · September 2026
How government procurement and anchor contracts can help private rocket companies survive and scale.
All Things Policy (Takshashila) · August 2026
What SpaceX’s Starship could change about launch technology, the space sector, and international competition.
All Things Policy (Takshashila) · July 2026
How militaries rely on privately owned capabilities, and what this means for companies, conflict, and India.
All Things Policy (Takshashila) · June 2026
India’s space surveillance challenges, Pakistan’s satellite capabilities, and turning orbital data into strategic advantage.
All Things Policy (Takshashila) · June 2026
Satellite internet, Starlink’s security risks, and the policy questions behind its delayed Indian launch.
All Things Policy (Takshashila) · May 2026
Why the label of frugal engineering can constrain India’s space ambitions, and what a different approach could look like.
All Things Policy (Takshashila) · April 2026
The Artemis II mission, the history of human lunar exploration, and the larger questions raised by a return to the Moon.
All Things Policy (Takshashila) · April 2026
Navigation satellites, NavIC’s operational challenges, and why an independent navigation system matters for sovereignty.
All Things Policy (Takshashila) · March 2026
How satellite internet and smuggled Starlink terminals are changing connectivity and the power to impose internet shutdowns.
All Things Policy (Takshashila) · February 2026
How satellite megaconstellations lock up orbital resources and shape access to the space commons.
All Things Policy (Takshashila) · May 2025
How timing satellites synchronise phones, drones, and the often invisible infrastructure of everyday life.
All Things Policy (Takshashila) · April 2025
How satellite internet works, where it is used, and why understanding the technology matters for policy.
All Things Policy (Takshashila) · April 2025
How broadband from space could change digital behaviour, markets, privacy, and governance.
All Things Policy (Takshashila) · January 2025
What the appearance of Starlink in Manipur reveals about satellite internet’s opportunities and security risks for India.
All Things Policy (Takshashila) · December 2024
India’s Venus mission, the challenges of exploring the planet, and upcoming international missions with space writer Jatan Mehta.
All Things Policy (Takshashila) · December 2024
The ambitions behind India’s Next Generation Launch Vehicle and its potential role in the country’s space programme.
All Things Policy (Takshashila) · November 2024
The possibilities for international cooperation in an increasingly competitive space domain.
All Things Policy (Takshashila) · October 2024
Why Starship’s rocket technology matters and the opportunities and concerns it raises for the future of spaceflight.
All Things Policy (Takshashila) · August 2024
India’s space startup fund and the different ways governments can support a private space industry.
All Things Policy (Takshashila) · July 2024
The opportunities, risks, and unfinished work in India’s space reforms and private-sector participation.
All Things Policy (Takshashila) · June 2024
Indian startups developing launch vehicles, and the innovation and challenges involved in building rockets.
All Things Policy (Takshashila) · June 2024
India’s direct-ascent anti-satellite technology and its implications for space defence and diplomacy.
All Things Policy (Takshashila) · May 2024
The rationale and risks behind nuclear anti-satellite weapons in orbit.
All Things Policy (Takshashila) · March 2024
What liberalised foreign investment rules mean for India’s space sector, and the government’s role in creating demand.
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